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Except for the limited purpose of indicating that +material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as +otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at +creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the +use of the trademark "Creative Commons" or any other trademark or logo +of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including, +without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications +to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements, +understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For +the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the +public licenses. + +Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index fc7b7cbf35746226a66f15ee57fa6001bdc6e038..fd6e7f762c259e0afca0d3f410c55efa6a5acf1d 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ Arabidopsis root is a classic model system in plant cell and molecular biology. The sensitivity of plant roots to local environmental perturbation challenges data reproducibility and incentivizes further optimization of imaging and phenotyping tools. Here we present RoPod, an easy-to-use toolkit for low-stress live time-lapse imaging of Arabidopsis roots. RoPod comprises a dedicated protocol for plant cultivation and a customizable 3D-printed vessel with integrated microscopy-grade glass that serves simultaneously as a growth and imaging chamber. RoPod reduces impact of sample handling, preserves live samples for prolonged imaging sessions, and facilitates application of treatments during image acquisition. We describe a protocol for RoPods fabrication and provide illustrative application pipelines for monitoring root hair growth and autophagic activity. Furthermore, we showcase how the use of RoPods advanced our understanding of plant autophagy, a major catabolic pathway and a key player in plant fitness. Specifically, we obtained fine time resolution for autophagy response to commonly used chemical modulators of the pathway and revealed previously overlooked cell type-specific changes in the autophagy response. These results will aid a deeper understanding of the physiological role of autophagy and provide valuable guidelines for choosing sampling time during end-point assays currently employed in plant autophagy research. +<img src=./_publication/Guichard-2024.png width=60%> + ## Publication Details - **DOI**: [10.1038/s41598-024-63226-1](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-63226-1) @@ -12,5 +14,10 @@ Arabidopsis root is a classic model system in plant cell and molecular biology. ## Data Availability +The different functional designs of RoPod chambers, as well as an illustrated step-by-step protocol for their 3D printing are presented in Supplementary File S1 and Supplementary Methods. Updates of the designs and of the printing protocols depending on the model of 3D printer used are available in the dedicated GitHub repository: https://github.com/AlyonaMinina/RoPod.Hardware. + +The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. + ## License +This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. diff --git a/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM4_ESM.mp4 b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM4_ESM.mp4 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..78133c72e2419ead91f93bc2eefdc4c4571fc453 --- /dev/null +++ b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM4_ESM.mp4 @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:646c1d643a0017469c297f170f2d21010466896f81021166bd802ded1090d297 +size 26176666 diff --git a/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM5_ESM.pdf b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM5_ESM.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9b45406610f7285bbd858cce5f8739cdad1973c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM5_ESM.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a10015e40dd891188c6d8e6d62bf3b37dc0923bdbfed277a680138c3c0058a55 +size 1836808 diff --git a/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM7_ESM.zip b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM7_ESM.zip new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..28daada595797b8e1f2d285b8cb49218dee3ac69 Binary files /dev/null and b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM7_ESM.zip differ diff --git a/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM8_ESM.zip b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM8_ESM.zip new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2f2006cc8aef30e49576d85684b3ea5a08de30eb --- /dev/null +++ b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM8_ESM.zip @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:91fec689097617ecdd8470fb23bbfbfd40e1e42f589f2e631ceceef644348c87 +size 12447271 diff --git a/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM9_ESM.zip b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM9_ESM.zip new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7b6853438148f83848e694fcff6e6b17dacc107a Binary files /dev/null and b/_publication/41598_2024_63226_MOESM9_ESM.zip differ diff --git a/_publication/Guichard-2024.png b/_publication/Guichard-2024.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..32404348b19efdbd5243d653dd02c9bc733aad7d Binary files /dev/null and b/_publication/Guichard-2024.png differ diff --git a/_publication/README.md b/_publication/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6c257bdfa8c4c5e00150abd9aea6ee0e42ed599e --- /dev/null +++ b/_publication/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +## Supplementary Information + +**Supplementary Figures and Methods** + +https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-024-63226-1/MediaObjects/41598_2024_63226_MOESM5_ESM.pdf + +**Supplementary File S1** + +https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-024-63226-1/MediaObjects/41598_2024_63226_MOESM6_ESM.zip + +**Supplementary Files S2-8** + +https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-024-63226-1/MediaObjects/41598_2024_63226_MOESM7_ESM.zip + +**Supplementary File S9** + +https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-024-63226-1/MediaObjects/41598_2024_63226_MOESM8_ESM.zip + +**Supplementary File S10** + +https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-024-63226-1/MediaObjects/41598_2024_63226_MOESM9_ESM.zip \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_publication/s41598-024-63226-1.pdf b/_publication/s41598-024-63226-1.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..11ccc8f26b9de8f999393a2d8e3d38b340bb8c3d --- /dev/null +++ b/_publication/s41598-024-63226-1.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:142234ea41a076b00f46701b44213b8678312a78ec30fbd0810cce4b3947fe02 +size 6260283 diff --git a/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/README.md b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/.gitkeep b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig5_HTML.webp b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig5_HTML.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..813d6dbcaabc3c4683c96cbe4534a1e9d9637851 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig5_HTML.webp @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:c2dfebfbedfaee088247cfd39895c87ae901bdaa05f4c214b431f0b5d2696f63 +size 706856 diff --git a/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_MOESM3_ESM.mp4 b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_MOESM3_ESM.mp4 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b25525520327abbb0d930aa285cf9f5b872face2 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_MOESM3_ESM.mp4 @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:2aacc0043424e4a9a52ec10f2c3c836a5d1dcc1bc9be2c21cb1f892da3ba4118 +size 6662251 diff --git a/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/FigS1.png b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/FigS1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0728f0e3fb20f0347b57d13e9c0db14180e73550 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/FigS1.png @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:d15e32dd64c18064624bc5318d96351cfe0d722224612b9a4c607521cd9e479b +size 76781 diff --git a/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/FigS2.png b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/FigS2.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..80c0f948d149ad9b1d535366b18012b13e0a04b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/dataset/FigS2.png @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:2662a72db6fc64a669bed23a2f9fd8560610cf0d9f2a0730cd5552c699429a65 +size 246922 diff --git a/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/isa.assay.xlsx b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/isa.assay.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eb35e1b286f8f5a2f4cdef7fe69bb6efa87daa0f Binary files /dev/null and b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/isa.assay.xlsx differ diff --git a/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/protocols/.gitkeep b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/protocols/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/protocols/Autophagic-Activity.md b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/protocols/Autophagic-Activity.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b32d6961fed22858bd9a8b7c054dbcd6a745ddd6 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/AutophagicActivityAssay/protocols/Autophagic-Activity.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +## Autophagic activity assay + +Growth medium (0.5 × MS (Duchefa, ref. M0222); MES 10 mM (Duchefa, ref. M1503); 1% sucrose; pH 5.8; 0.8% Plant agar (Duchefa, ref. P1001)) was autoclaved for 20 min at 120 °C, cooled to approximatively 60 °C and pipetted under sterile conditions into either 4–wells Ibidi coverslips (cat # 80,421 #1.5 polymer coverslip, hydrophobic, sterilized, Ibidi, Germany) for the experiment presented in Fig. 5 or into RoPod v24 for the experiment presented in Supplementary figure S2. 1 ml of medium was used per well of Ibidi chamber and 4 ml were used for the RoPod v24. + +*Arabidopsis thaliana* seeds were surface sterilized in 70% EtOH, 0.05% TritonX-100 for 20 min, washed three times with 96% EtOH, air dried in a sterile bench and transferred into the chambers using a sterile toothpick. The chambers were then placed under long day growth conditions (16 h, 150 µmol m−2.s−1 light at 22 °C, 8 h dark +at 20 °C). Typically, for the first four days the chambers were kept horizontally allowing the roots to reach the bottom cover slip. After this, the chambers were placed vertically to guide the root growth along the cover slip. + +Chemical compounds were diluted in 0.5 × MS liquid medium (the same composition as the growth medium, but lacking Plant agar) to a final concentration of 1 µM AZD8055 (Sigma, ref. ADV465749178, CAS number 1009298-09-2), 1 µM ConA (Sigma, ref. C9705, CAS number 80890-47-7) or 0.1% DMSO for the vehicle control. The solutions were pipetted into the wells of the chambers mounted on the confocal stage in 1:1 ratio (1 volume of the medium in the well: 1 volume of the drug solution. Drug final concentration: 500 nM) right before the start of imaging. + +Imaging was performed using CLSM Leica SP5 or SP8 (Leica Microsystems, Germany), 63× water immersion objective, NA = 1.2, excitation light 488 nm, emission range of 498–541 nm and system-optimized pinhole size or and Zeiss CLSM 800 Objective 40x/1.2W and similar scanning settings. For this study, pHusion tag was used solely as a fluorescent reporter and ot as a pH indicator. Four to six biological replicates were imaged for wildtype and *atg* KO backgrounds in each experiment. The experiment was performed four times in two independent laboratories. Images were acquired at the beginning of the root differentiation zone, collecting approximatively 100 µm deep z-stack starting at the surface of a root (pixel dimensions 0.29 µm.px−1, image size 848 × 848 px, 8-bit). Each replicate was imaged every 10 to 28 min for a period of 12 to 18 h. + +Images in Fig. 5 were analyzed with *Fiji* and Ilastik44. The detailed protocol and the macro used for the analysis are presented in the Supplementary File S3 and Supplementary Methods. The number of vesicles was counted for each cell file type using data obtained from two independent experiments. 1 to 5 roots and 2 to 15 cell files per type were analyzed in total. The fluorescence intensity was measured for each vesicle counted, for a total population per cell file of 8 to 2339 vesicles, depending on the genotype, the treatment, the cell file type and the time of the record considered. The mean intensity has been corrected with the background signal and normalized to the first time point of the record. As the image acquisition rate varied between experiments due to different number of biological replicates, each presented time point actually corresponds to an interval of up to 15 min. + +For quantification of autophagic bodies in the complete cell volume, seeds of the transgenic line co-expressing spL-RFP and GFP-ATG8a were sterilized using the above described Chlorin method and plated either on Petri plates or in the RoPod v24. 5 days old seedlings were treated with concanamycin A for 12 h as described above and imaged using Zeiss CLSM 800 Objective 40x/1.2W to obtain tiled, z-stack encompassing complete root hair cells. Puncta quantification was performed using *Fiji* and dedicated macro as described in the Supplementary File S4. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/README.md b/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/dataset/.gitkeep b/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/dataset/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig2_HTML.webp b/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig2_HTML.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6a93afe4a7ca1a0026ae5ba56eaac31e720e7c87 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig2_HTML.webp @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:b647d3887d36ad3d8ded2fd114e9493b40fbe26049e4eb31a5017160dd9128fd +size 218878 diff --git a/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/isa.assay.xlsx b/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/isa.assay.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..077038a7acd98df137b4ce2bfd13b193fc6177ff Binary files /dev/null and b/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/isa.assay.xlsx differ diff --git a/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/protocols/.gitkeep b/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/protocols/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/protocols/Comparison-Of-Autophagic-Activity-In-Roots.md b/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/protocols/Comparison-Of-Autophagic-Activity-In-Roots.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4deef55571ade9d33fdc5ea6eea6ddd840b6f783 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/ComparisonOfAutophagicActivityInRoots/protocols/Comparison-Of-Autophagic-Activity-In-Roots.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +## Comparison of autophagic activity in roots mounted on glass or in RoPods + +To assess the impact of glass-based sample mounting on the autophagic activity, RoPod v24 and standard agar plates were prepared similarly to the experiment for the root length measurement. After 6 days, seedlings growing on top of the agar medium were transferred in an empty glass bottom chamber, on a drop of 0.5 × MS and then gently covered with a cover slide. To prevent fast evaporation of the liquid medium, the glass bottom chamber was covered with a lid. Both RoPod v24 with seedlings and glass bottom chamber with transferred seedlings were imaged at different end points using CLSM 800 (Carl Zeiss), Objective 40x/1.2W, excitation light 488 nm, and emission 505–560 nm. The number of puncta was quantified in *Fiji* using the workflow presented in Supplementary File S2. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/README.md b/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/dataset/.gitkeep b/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/dataset/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig3_HTML.webp b/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig3_HTML.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a43aec301ff56dc002c3e40a733ddbf62d52bf90 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig3_HTML.webp @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:2ef3f7ea8cbc09b8e931a9d605280ab9da20b1b5c2efe51dfc9d301cd8166f72 +size 116426 diff --git a/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/isa.assay.xlsx b/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/isa.assay.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..062a68bd507f428bb0be72bf9f495576b5ae708c Binary files /dev/null and b/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/isa.assay.xlsx differ diff --git a/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/protocols/.gitkeep b/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/protocols/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/protocols/Fluorescein-Diffusion-Assay.md b/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/protocols/Fluorescein-Diffusion-Assay.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ff264a43fffa58343c07c437feabba0f1885145a --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/FluoresceinDiffusionAssay/protocols/Fluorescein-Diffusion-Assay.md @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +## Fluorescein diffusion assay + +To assess diffusion of chemical compounds within RoPod chambers containing plants, Arabidopsis Col-0 seeds were surface sterilized in opened 2 ml tubes for 2 h in an air-tight box containing chlorine gas, produced by the mix of 50 ml of sodium hypochlorite 10% (Roth, ref. 9062.3) and 2 ml of 37% hydrochloric acid (Merck, ref. 1.00317.1000). Seeds were then aerated for 10 min in a sterile bench to remove the left-over chlorine gas. Seeds were then transferred, with a sterile toothpick, in 2-wells Ibidi chambered coverslips (cat # 80,286 #1.5 polymer coverslip, hydrophobic, sterilized, Ibidi, Germany) filled with 1 mL of growth medium in each well (0.5 × MS (Serva, ref. 47,515); MES 5 mM (Sigma, ref. M8250); 1% sucrose; pH 5.7 adjusted with KOH; 0.8% Plant agar (Duchefa, ref. M1002). As the height of the Ibidi chamber is too small to accommodate nine days old seedlings, the seeds were put on the surface of the agar to be first cultivated for eight days horizontally at 21 °C, 16 h illumination, 100 µmol m−2.s−1, until the root penetrate the agar and reached the glass bottom. Then, the RoPods were incubated at 45° angle for one day before image acquisition. At the start of the recording, each well containing plants was filled with 1 ml of fluorescein at 4 μg.ml-1 diluted in a liquid 0.5 × MS (final concentration after diffusion: 2 µg.ml−1). Imaging was performed using Leica DMI8 confocal microscope and HC PL APO CS2 20 × objective (excitation, 488 nm, emission, 498–550 nm, pinhole size of 1 Airy Unit) (Leica Microsystems, Germany), pixel dimensions 0.48 µm px−1, image size 512 × 512 px, 8-bit. The root hairs that were growing at the beginning of the recording were selected for analysis. To obtain a complete view of the root hairs, a z-stack was performed to cover 92 µm height with each section separated with 10 µm. The images were then processed on *Fiji* to obtain maximum intensity projection. A circular region of interest (ROI) with a 12 µm diameter was used to measure the mean grey value on the selected root hair tips, on the base of the corresponding root hair tip and in the upper left corner of the image for the mean grey value of background. The experiment was performed in two individual boxes containing 2 to 3 roots each, 2 to 8 root hairs analyzed per root. + +For the fluorescein diffusion assay in the solid medium and without plants, 2-wells Ibidi chambers filled with 1 ml of the same 0.5 × MS agar in each well. 1 ml of liquid growth medium supplemented with 140 µg.ml−1 of fluorescein solution was added at the start of the recording (final concentration after diffusion: 70 µg.ml−1). The same microscope settings as for the previous diffusion assay were used (pixel dimensions 1.14 µm.px−1, image size 512 × 512 px, 8-bit). The fluorescence was recorded in 4 RoPods, with 2 to 3 fields of view chosen at random positions in each box. *Fiji* software was used for image analysis. An orthogonal projection was carried out in the middle of each acquisition area with the Orthogonal view tool. To define the bottom of the RoPod, the orthogonal view of the image acquired 2 h after the start of treatment was used. A rectangular ROI with the width of the orthogonal projection image and 10 µm in height was drawn at the bottom of the RoPod chamber. This ROI was reused to measure the mean grey value on the orthogonal view for each time point recorded at the same location. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/README.md b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/dataset/.gitkeep b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/dataset/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig4_HTML.webp b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig4_HTML.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b97b77c4e9dedf63e57904dc13ffc3700ebb9b25 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_Fig4_HTML.webp @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:13bf042cd3a0ded890341af1506b405fc75de955013a8ab34cf7a56f2be290ed +size 377286 diff --git a/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_MOESM2_ESM.mp4 b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_MOESM2_ESM.mp4 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..32fbbc36550d743d7f1c3b977db2029c031bee1c --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/dataset/41598_2024_63226_MOESM2_ESM.mp4 @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:03bf1372f080526ace36dc00cab3e18196f50e3a6075983c4a73012a0e496320 +size 628445 diff --git a/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/isa.assay.xlsx b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/isa.assay.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ef51a907b0846be1807b780f25c13be82be454fa Binary files /dev/null and b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/isa.assay.xlsx differ diff --git a/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/protocols/.gitkeep b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/protocols/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/protocols/Image-Analysis-Of-Sucrose-Treatment.md b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/protocols/Image-Analysis-Of-Sucrose-Treatment.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3002c800650afea87700699f0c090e5e750c7c1a --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/PlantGrowthAndImageAnalysisOfSucroseTreatmentAssay/protocols/Image-Analysis-Of-Sucrose-Treatment.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +## Plant growth and image analysis of sucrose treatment assay + +*Arabidopsis thaliana* Col-0 wild-type seeds were surface sterilized with the chlorine gas method (see the Fluorescein section of Material and methods). The seedlings were grown in sterile RoPod v5 chambers containing 3 ml of solid growth medium (0.5 × MS (Serva, ref. 47,515); MES 5 mM (Sigma, ref. M8250); pH 5.7 adjusted with KOH; 0.8% Plant agar (Duchefa, ref. M1002)), as described in Supplementary Methods. The injection hole of the RoPod v5 was closed with micropore tape. The chambers were placed into a 12 × 12 cm dish, and positioned with an angle of 45° into a plant growth cabinet with side illumination, 16 h light, 20 °C for six days. The recording was made using a 90°-flipped microscope for vertical specimen mounting (Zeiss AxioVert 200M, ITK MMS-100 linear stage and Hydra controller, Hamatsu OrcaC11440-36U camera, Zeiss 10 × PlanNeoFluar objective). LED bulb compatible for plant culture (LED power 150W, Chip SMD2835, 215 pcs Warm, 40pcs Red, 5pcs blue) was set to illumination intensity of 100 µmol m−2.s−1 measured at the proximity of the RoPod). Tubing connected to a syringe was inserted into the injection hole and taped on the microscope prior to imaging start in order to limit the vibration during injection. Two RoPod v5 were mounted at the same time on the microscope. A basal line was recorded for 4 h for both control and treated samples. Then, 8 ml of 0.5 × MS liquid supplemented with 1% sucrose were added in one of the RoPods (final concentration: 0.8%) and control specimen were treated with 8 ml of 0.5 × MS without sucrose. Root hair growth was recorded for an additional 8 h. For each root, two consecutive XY fields of view were recorded to obtain images of the root hairs at different stages of development throughout the recording time (pixel dimensions 0.92 µm.px−1, image size 1200 × 1920 px, 16-bit). In addition, a Z-stack encompassing 240 µm with optical sections of 30 µm was carried out to obtain a clear view of the entire root hairs. Finally, an image was recorded every 8 min. The images were analyzed with Fiji software. The detailed method illustrated with figures, the macros used for the analysis, as well as a tutorial video to use those macros are available in the Supplementary Methods, Figure S3, File S5–8 and Movie S4. To test these macros, an example image is provided in the Supplementary File S9. The data produced by *Fiji* were analyzed using *R studio* software. The scripts used for the analysis are available in the Supplementary File S10. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/README.md b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/dataset/.gitkeep b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/dataset/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/dataset/41598_2024_63226_MOESM1_ESM.mp4 b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/dataset/41598_2024_63226_MOESM1_ESM.mp4 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ac4e5249e562bf14336b49f3a467f1ac0f09e249 --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/dataset/41598_2024_63226_MOESM1_ESM.mp4 @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:3e9f8a810639aef59325dd7990a2c66c33c8ad080b2ef2e579474625fa8fca3a +size 3116283 diff --git a/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/dataset/Figure1g-i.png b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/dataset/Figure1g-i.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e6942185f56c665edd7ad962d828efd917ab675f --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/dataset/Figure1g-i.png @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:bae9d7207e09adf96720ccbaf343936a64e61e6e7de05dca2fdfa4f81f64fcf9 +size 633410 diff --git a/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/isa.assay.xlsx b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/isa.assay.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a2d2f392ad48597e2be1cc979bac565e0804e64e Binary files /dev/null and b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/isa.assay.xlsx differ diff --git a/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/protocols/.gitkeep b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/protocols/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/protocols/Root-Lenth-Measurement.md b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/protocols/Root-Lenth-Measurement.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a5b5f1fcfc447ef6841ff8009d8299c31772b29e --- /dev/null +++ b/assays/RootLengthMeasurement/protocols/Root-Lenth-Measurement.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ + ## Root length measurement for seedlings grown in RoPods and on standard Petri plates + +To compare the root growth phenotypes for seedlings grown in RoPods and in standard Petri plates, 4 ml of growth medium (0.5 × MS (*Duchefa*, ref. M0222); MES 10 mM (*Duchefa*, ref. M1503); 1% sucrose; pH 5.8; 0.8% Plant agar (*Duchefa*, ref. P1001) were pipetted into each sterile RoPod v24 and 40 ml were poured into 12cmx12cm plates. A strip of the medium was removed from the RoPods or plates using a sterile scalpel. Seeds of GFP-ATG8 expressing lines were sterilized using chlorin method (incubated in 10% Chlorin; 0.001% Tween-20 for 20 min then washed 6 times with sterile water) and then plated into RoPod v24, or in standard plate, either on the edge between the agar and plastic plate bottom or on top of the agar. Three RoPod v24 were placed into a 12 cm square empty plates. Both standard agar plate and plate loaded with RoPod24 were mounted on the automated imaging platform SPIRO (Ohlsson, J. A. et al., 2021) and imaged every hour for seven days under 16h illumination (Day imaging settings: ISO 50, shutter speed 65; Night imaging settings: ISO 250 Shutter speed 10). The root length was measured manually on obtained images using *Fiji* software (ImageJ 1.53t) (Schindelin, J. et al., 2012). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/isa.investigation.xlsx b/isa.investigation.xlsx index 67ec77b927d86478f50f99218271735635fbcf0b..315e788ed32c08d69e69159ec50ffc8c57204b5c 100644 Binary files a/isa.investigation.xlsx and b/isa.investigation.xlsx differ diff --git a/studies/GeneticConstructs/README.md b/studies/GeneticConstructs/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/GeneticConstructs/isa.study.xlsx b/studies/GeneticConstructs/isa.study.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c90c0926e119514a6ded5a2ad1be1379610e4f4b Binary files /dev/null and b/studies/GeneticConstructs/isa.study.xlsx differ diff --git a/studies/GeneticConstructs/protocols/.gitkeep b/studies/GeneticConstructs/protocols/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/GeneticConstructs/protocols/Genetic-constructs.md b/studies/GeneticConstructs/protocols/Genetic-constructs.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5517e538dd3cd4a501dd8f1e2a31fe80ab3bc27f --- /dev/null +++ b/studies/GeneticConstructs/protocols/Genetic-constructs.md @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +## Genetic Constructs + +pMDC pHusion 1 Gateway vector was generated by amplifying pHusion tag from the p16:SYP61-pHusion construct (Jain, A. et al., 2007) using primers TTGGTACCATGGCCTCCTCCGAGGACG and TTGGCGCGCCCCCCTTGTACAGCTCGTCCATG and introducing amplicon into pMDC32 vector (Schindelin, J. et al., 2012) via KpnI/AscI restriction digestion sites. + +AtATG8a CDS Gateway entry clone (Dauphinee, A. N. et al., 2019) was then recombined with the pMDC pHusion 1 Gateway vector to obtain the construct driving expression of pHusion-AtATG8a under control of double 35S promoter. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/studies/GeneticConstructs/resources/.gitkeep b/studies/GeneticConstructs/resources/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/PlantGrowth/README.md b/studies/PlantGrowth/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/PlantGrowth/isa.study.xlsx b/studies/PlantGrowth/isa.study.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f7b22fc599db10ecd42259a683ffa65f19f65066 Binary files /dev/null and b/studies/PlantGrowth/isa.study.xlsx differ diff --git a/studies/PlantGrowth/protocols/.gitkeep b/studies/PlantGrowth/protocols/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/PlantGrowth/protocols/Protocol-Growth.md b/studies/PlantGrowth/protocols/Protocol-Growth.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e0611458cf199fafc0b64a469aa02e5f8407c0b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/studies/PlantGrowth/protocols/Protocol-Growth.md @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +## Plant Growth Protocol Overview + +The recommended protocol to grow seedlings in RoPods is presented in the Supplementary Methods. To reuse the chambers, the growth medium was gently removed using a Q-tip, the chambers were washed with cold water and dish soap, or in 1% SDS, abundantly rinsed with tap water followed by rinsing with MilliQ water, air dried and sterilized for 1 h under UV light. Alternatively, chambers were sterilized by incubating for 40 min in 70% ethanol, followed by overnight drying in the sterile bench. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/studies/PlantGrowth/resources/.gitkeep b/studies/PlantGrowth/resources/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/PlantMaterial/README.md b/studies/PlantMaterial/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/PlantMaterial/isa.study.xlsx b/studies/PlantMaterial/isa.study.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..490a236e282e1bc446790cd176b7a01a441df3db Binary files /dev/null and b/studies/PlantMaterial/isa.study.xlsx differ diff --git a/studies/PlantMaterial/protocols/.gitkeep b/studies/PlantMaterial/protocols/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/PlantMaterial/protocols/Plant-Material.md b/studies/PlantMaterial/protocols/Plant-Material.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fafe3d16d69f54f0eb42ce4f67fa7052ebd83334 --- /dev/null +++ b/studies/PlantMaterial/protocols/Plant-Material.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +## Plant Material + +Autophagy deficient *atg5/atg7* double knockout line was established by crossing previously published *atg5-1* (Thomson et al., 2005) and *atg7-2* (Hofius, D. et al., 2009) mutants. + +Col-0 wild-type and *atg5/atg7* plants were transformed using GV3101 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying pMDC pHusion1 AtATG8a construct as described in (Dauphinee, A. N. et al., 2019). + +Col-0 WT and *atg5-1* plants expressing GFP-ATG8a line was described previously (Minina, E. A. et al.,2018), (Thomson et al., 2005). + +Col-0 WT plants co-expressing vacuolar marker spL-RFP and the autophagosomal marker GFP-ATG8a were obtained by crossing the corresponding marker lines previously published in Hunter et al. ( Hunter et al., 2007) and Thomson et al. (Thomson et al., 2005). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/studies/PlantMaterial/resources/.gitkeep b/studies/PlantMaterial/resources/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/README.md b/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/isa.study.xlsx b/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/isa.study.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9b213c062a194ea52de85ac7c1d3c74ae9956aef Binary files /dev/null and b/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/isa.study.xlsx differ diff --git a/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/protocols/.gitkeep b/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/protocols/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/protocols/RoPod-Chamber-Printing.md b/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/protocols/RoPod-Chamber-Printing.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1eeacea3b57411bfc56ebeaab66a8818d12c7dc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/protocols/RoPod-Chamber-Printing.md @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +## RoPod Chamber Printing + +In this study we firstly tested five types of microscopy coverslip bottom chambers from three different providers: Ibidi chambered coverslips (cat # 80,421 and 80,286 #1.5 polymer coverslip, hydrophobic, sterilized, Ibidi, Germany), 1-well II Chamber Slide™ System (Nunc™ Lab-Tek™, cat # C6307, Sigma-Aldrich), x-well cell culture chamber, 1-well, on coverglass (cat # 94.6190.102, Sarstedt). Plants in these chambers were grown using the same protocol as was later implemented for the custom designed chambers (Supplementary Methods). + +The different functional designs of RoPod chambers, as well as an illustrated step-by-step protocol for their 3D printing are presented in Supplementary File S1 and Supplementary Methods. Updates of the designs and of the printing protocols depending on the model of 3D printer used are available in the dedicated GitHub repository: https://github.com/AlyonaMinina/RoPod.Hardware. + +Printing of the chambers was tested using Prusa MK2.5S, MK3S, MK3S+ , MINI+ and Ultimaker S5 3D printers. We recommend using clear PETG filaments provided by Prusament, Sunlu or Prima Select \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/resources/.gitkeep b/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/resources/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/resources/41598_2024_63226_MOESM6_ESM.zip b/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/resources/41598_2024_63226_MOESM6_ESM.zip new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7d6dda8f9812717ca58d54d03ed937fc522b541d --- /dev/null +++ b/studies/RoPodChamberPrinting/resources/41598_2024_63226_MOESM6_ESM.zip @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:1154a1e8129766e9528eb360825098c113fa8a857104de08a8f8751d4e6a281b +size 2982426